Compendium of nature-based and ‘grey’ solutions to address climate- and water-related problems in European cities

The Compendium of nature-based and ‘grey’ solutions, produced within the GrowGreen project, offers organized and comprehensive information on the availability and effectiveness of nature-based solutions and their grey counterparts for adaptation to climate change and addressing water-related challenges in urban areas. The compendium brings together solutions identified in multiple databases and collections, providing detailed information on individual fact sheets that include evidence of the solutions' effectiveness, information on costs, benefits, potential disadvantages and references to further information. 

The solutions identified in the report address six problems common to European cities: heat stress, river flooding, pluvial flooding, coastal flooding, water scarcity, and poor water quality. The report can serve as a reference catalogue of available solutions for researchers and practitioners.