Arctic and Baltic sea ice

• Arctic sea ice is declining rapidly. Since 1979, the Arctic has lost, on average, an area of 76,000 km² of sea ice per year in summer and 32,000 km² per year in winter. The Arctic summer sea ice area in 2020 was the second lowest ever. Arctic sea ice is also getting younger and thinner. A nearly ice-free Arctic sea in summer is projected to be a rare event for 1.5°C of global warming but the norm for 2.5°C of warming.
• The maximum sea ice extent in the Baltic Sea shows a decreasing trend since about 1800 and reached its lowest value ever in winter 2019/20. This decreasing trend is projected to continue.

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