5. Implementing adaptation

Implementation relates to putting adaptation policies into effect, i.e. it means to actually carry out, translate into action and put into practice the adaptation measures foreseen in adaptation policy documents, such as an adaptation strategy. An important means of implementation is an adaptation action plan , which sets out what needs to be done to convert adaptation options into action, specifying by whom and when and allocating sufficient resources. Preparation of an adaptation plan may be based on a strategic document adopted, but it can also be elaborated as an integrated part of the national or sub-national adaptation strategy. Adaptation options selected and prioritised under Step 4 may also be mainstreamed directly into sector policies, but it is in any case beneficial and preferable to define sectoral adaptation measures in a comprehensive or sectoral adaptation action plan.

Implementation of adaptation policies relies on mainstreaming into sector policies and integration into policy instruments, multilevel coordination and cooperation, and stakeholder participation. Means to achieve coherent implementation across levels, sectors and actors comprise governance mechanisms and arrangements, including in particular a supportive institutional framework at higher-ranking levels.

Knowledge and experience on factors facilitating implementing of adaptation as well as lessons learnt are increasingly available across Europe. They are highlighted especially in the sections on adaptation options across case studies on Climate-ADAPT.